Friday, October 22, 2010

Pc -Hardware

Objective: To compare configuration of different motherboards.

A motherboard is the central or primary circuit board of a modern computer. The CPU, graphics video card, sound card, hard disk controller, memory (RAM), and other essential components reside on the motherboard. Other components such as external storage, controllers for video display and sound, and peripheral devices are connected to the motherboard via edge connectors and cables. This is why the motherboard is like the heart of the computer.
Choosing a motherboard can be an overwhelming task. The industry boasts an incredible variety of motherboard manufacturers and models, and you’ll find a wad of compatible motherboard models for a single Intel or AMD processor model. We have chosen Intel, Asus and Gigabyte: three leading manufacturers of Motherboards and made a general comparison between them. Take alook.

1. Reliability

This is the most important point and sometimes the only important feature when choosing a motherboard. Intel makes the CPUs, Intel makes the chipsets. When it comes to reliability definitely go for Intel boards. From the other two Gigabyte motherboards are more reliable than the Asus.

2. Heating

Though heat dissipation is not a issue with any of the boards these days but we can find more features such as heat pipes etc on Asus boards which can cool the board more efficiently and silently.
 

3. Price

The Intel brandname takes the price toll for its products. You can save quite a few dollars if you go for Asus or Gigabyte with the same features set.

4. Overclocking

Don’t buy Intel boards if you want to overclock your processors. Asus will be the best choice here with Gigabyte following it.
 

5. Processor

Obviously you won’t get an Intel board for an AMD processors. So, here the competition is only with Asus and Gigabyte. Most Tech Savvy people recommend a Gigabyte motherboard for an AMD Processor.

6. Range

If you are looking for a high end motherboard lots features and don’t want to compromise the quality for the cost you should go for Asus. And if you are looking for a midrange motherboard you can trust Gigabyte. They will be flawless performers.
 

7. New Features

New and latest features are what makes a motherboard different from one another. For example, Gigabyte has come up with a new technology which they call the Dual BIOS that incorporates two separate BIOS. If the primary BIOS fails due to any virus or hardware failure, the second BIOS will automatically take its place when the system restarts.

8. Memory Module

Lately I have seen many problems with the memory module of the Intel Original Motherboards. They are less tolerant to a bit shaky memory modules. In this case Asus or Gigabyte is a better choice.

Conclusion

At the end of the day, the comparison looks like comparing a Ford and a Toyota. In general, their performance, features and prices are so closely ranked that it is more of a personal preference which one you should buy. In fact the above points that I discussed in this article is more from my personal experience and some I came to know when discussing motherboards quality issues with some tech-savvy people like my system administrators. You can have your personal experience which is different from mine. Please share them with us.
 
Objective: To study the different parts of Keyboard and Mouse.
Theory:
 
In computing, a keyboard is an input device, partially modeled after the typewriter keyboard, which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys, to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches. A keyboard typically has characters engraved or printed on the keys and each press of a key typically corresponds to a single written symbol. However, to produce some symbols requires pressing and holding several keys simultaneously or in sequence. While most keyboard keys produce letters, numbers or signs (characters), other keys or simultaneous key presses can produce actions or computer commands.
In normal usage, the keyboard is used to type text and numbers into a word processor, text editor or other program. In a modern computer, the interpretation of key presses is generally left to the software. A computer keyboard distinguishes each physical key from every other and reports all key presses to the controlling software. Keyboards are also used for computer gaming, either with regular keyboards or by using keyboards with special gaming features, which can expedite frequently used keystroke combinations.

The Keyboard's Connector

The PC's AT Keyboard is connected to external equipment using four wires. These wires are shown below for the 5 Pin DIN Male Plugs & PS/2 Plug.

5 Pin DIN
1. KBD Clock
2. KBD Data
3. N/C
4. GND
5. +5V (VCC)

   
PS/2
 

1. KBD Clock

2. GND
3. KBD Data
4. N/C
5. +5V (VCC)
6. N/C
A fifth wire can sometimes be found. This was once upon a time implemented as a Keyboard Reset, but today is left disconnected on AT Keyboards. Both the KBD Clock and KBD Data are Open Collector bi-directional I/O Lines. If desired, the Host can talk to the keyboard using these lines.


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